May is skin cancer awareness month, which is an important reminder of the damage caused by exposure to UVA and UVB rays, and the need for constant protection of exposed skin.

The AAFPRS, American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, reports that one in five Americans will develop skin cancer over the course of a lifetime and that rates of melanoma, a potentially fatal form of skin cancer, have been rising steadily for the past three decades.

Statistics show that the most common forms of skin cancer, basal cell and squamous cell, are caused primarily by sun exposure, and develop most commonly on the sun-exposed areas of the face, ears, neck, lips, scalp, chest, arms, legs, feet, and backs of the hands. The AAFPRS indicates that an estimated 80% of these cancers are, unfortunately, on the face.

It is imperative that people be vigilant in their efforts to protect their skin from exposure to the damaging UVA and UVB rays, as prevention is the key to avoiding skin cancer. Even on a cloudy day, it is important to use sunscreen as clouds do not stop the sun’s rays. Wearing protective clothing, such as hats or long sleeves is also important; however, sunscreen is one’s first line of defense. To be most effective, sunscreen should be applied liberally, every day, to all exposed skin.

There are two types of sunscreen-chemical and physical. Chemical sunscreens absorb the sun’s rays to avoid penetration of the skin. Physical sunscreens reflect and scatter the rays before they reach the skin’s surface and are the most effective at protecting the skin. The two highest rated ingredients for physical sunscreens are zinc oxide and titanium dioxide. The physical sunscreens are referred to as sunblocks and are broad-spectrum, formulated to protect from all UVA and UVB rays.  UVA rays penetrate deeply into the skin layers, damaging collagen and cells. UVB rays mostly affect the outer layer of the skin and cause sunburns and tanning. Both UVB and UVA exposure increase the risk of skin cancer.

In addition to skin cancers, exposure to UVA and UVB rays cause premature aging, hyperpigmentation, and loss of elasticity to exposed areas. Although there are many ways to treat these issues, it is far better to avoid them by using a good physical sunblock. In our practice, Drs. Gregg and Wu only recommend broad-spectrum physical sunblocks due to their efficacy in protecting the skin. We have an array of tinted and untinted physical sunblocks for all skin types and lifestyles. Our staff is extremely well-versed in the use of sunblocks and can help you determine the product that is best for you.

We desire to help every patient protect themselves from skin cancer and to bring awareness to the need to use sunblock every single day regardless of the weather. Be aware, be protected, be vigilant and survey your skin for any changes in the texture or appearance that could be an early indicator of skin cancer.